What Is Shunbun no Hi?
Shunbun no Hi (春分の日), or the Spring Equinox Day, is a national holiday in Japan that usually falls around March 20. On this day, daytime and nighttime are nearly equal in length, marking the transition from winter to spring. It is a time when Japanese people appreciate nature and honor their ancestors.
In 2025, Shunbun no Hi will be on March 20 (Thursday).
The Meaning and Origins of Shunbun no Hi
Shunbun no Hi was officially established as a public holiday in 1948 with the purpose of “honoring nature and cherishing all living things.” However, its origins date back much further and are deeply rooted in Japanese traditions, agriculture, and Buddhism.
- Agricultural Significance: In ancient Japan, people relied on the movement of the sun to determine planting and harvesting seasons. The spring equinox was seen as a key moment to pray for a good harvest and welcome the warmth of spring.
- Buddhist Connection: Shunbun no Hi is also linked to Ohigan (お彼岸), a Buddhist tradition where people visit graves and pay respects to their ancestors. The equinox is believed to be a time when the spiritual and physical worlds are closest together.
How Do Japanese People Celebrate Shunbun no Hi?
1. Visiting Family Graves (Ohakamairi – お墓参り)
Many Japanese families take this opportunity to visit the graves of their ancestors, clean the tombstones, and offer flowers or incense. It is a time to reflect on family history and show gratitude to past generations.
2. Eating Botamochi (ぼたもち)
A popular food during Shunbun no Hi is botamochi, a sweet rice cake covered in red bean paste. This treat is similar to ohagi, which is eaten during the autumn equinox. The soft texture and rich sweetness symbolize comfort and togetherness.
3. Appreciating Nature
Since the holiday was established to honor nature, people often go for walks, admire cherry blossoms, or simply enjoy the changing season. Many parks and gardens become lively with visitors embracing the arrival of spring.
The Equinox and Daylight Balance
While Shunbun no Hi is known as the day when day and night are equal, in reality, daytime is slightly longer due to atmospheric refraction. After this day, Japan experiences longer daylight hours, signaling the full arrival of spring.
Summary
- Shunbun no Hi is Japan’s Spring Equinox Day, a national holiday that marks the balance of day and night.
- It was established in 1948 to honor nature and all living things, but its roots go back to ancient agriculture and Buddhist traditions.
- People visit family graves, eat botamochi, and appreciate nature during this time.
- It symbolizes the arrival of spring and longer daylight hours in Japan.
Shunbun no Hi is a meaningful holiday that blends seasonal change, cultural traditions, and spiritual reflection. If you visit Japan in March, take time to experience how the Japanese celebrate the beauty of nature and honor their ancestors!
