Common Types of Flowers Used as Offerings
1. Chrysanthemum (Kiku)
Chrysanthemums have long been used as a traditional flower offering in Japanese Buddhist altars and graves. The flower language associated with chrysanthemums includes meanings such as “nobility,” “loftiness,” and “eternity,” which are fitting for expressing respect towards the deceased. As an autumn flower, chrysanthemums are often offered during the Higan and Obon periods.
2. Lotus (Hasu)
In Buddhism, the lotus is considered a sacred flower, symbolizing purity and enlightenment. The lotus’s ability to bloom beautifully from the mud represents the journey from the world of earthly desires to the state of enlightenment. The lotus flower language includes meanings such as “purity,” “divinity,” and “detachment,” which strongly align with Buddhist concepts.
3. Lily (Yuri)
Lilies, with their pure white and elegant appearance, are also popular as offerings to the deceased. The flower language associated with lilies includes “purity,” “majesty,” and “eternal love,” making them suitable for expressing respect and unchanging affection for the departed.
4. Carnation
While carnations are well-known as a flower given on Mother’s Day, they are also used as offerings to the deceased. In particular, red carnations, which symbolize “a mother’s love,” are sometimes offered on a mother’s death anniversary or during memorial services.
The History and Origins of Flower Offerings
The custom of offering flowers to the deceased is believed to have been introduced to Japan along with Buddhism in ancient times. Records suggest that the practice of placing flowers before Buddhist altars existed as early as the Nara period (710-784 AD), and it became more prevalent among the nobility during the Heian period (794-1185 AD).
Offering flowers is not merely a decorative act; it is a way to remember the deceased through the beauty and fragrance of the flowers while praising their virtues. Moreover, the act of offering flowers is believed to purify one’s own heart and express gratitude and respect for the departed.
Conclusion
The flowers used as offerings to the deceased in Japanese Buddhist tradition carry deep meanings and origins. By offering flowers such as chrysanthemums, lotuses, lilies, or carnations, one can express respect and gratitude towards the departed. When remembering a loved one, consider presenting a flower offering as a heartfelt gesture.
