What is Mochimaki?
Mochimaki is a traditional Japanese custom where people throw red and white rice cakes (mochi) to participants during celebratory events and festivals. This practice is carried out in various situations, such as house-raising ceremonies, weddings, Setsubun (the bean-throwing festival), and sports days. It is believed that catching the thrown mochi brings good fortune and health to the recipient.
Why are Rice Cakes Thrown?
The reason for throwing rice cakes stems from the belief that mochi is a sacred food. In Japanese mythology, mochi is considered the food of the gods and is often offered as a divine offering. By throwing mochi, it is thought that the blessings of the gods are shared among the people gathered at the event, inviting good luck and fortune.
The Significance of Red and White Mochi
The use of red and white mochi in Mochimaki is rooted in the idea that these colors symbolize celebration. Red represents the sun and vitality, while white signifies purity and sacredness. The combination of red and white is believed to embody happiness and joy, making it an appropriate choice for festive occasions.
When is Mochimaki Performed?
Mochimaki is performed during various celebratory events and festivals, such as:
- House-raising ceremonies: When a new house is built or renovated, Mochimaki is performed on the roof to wish for the prosperity of the house and the happiness of its inhabitants.
- Weddings: At the end of the wedding reception, Mochimaki is carried out to bless the newlyweds and their future together.
- Setsubun: During the bean-throwing festival at the beginning of the year, Mochimaki is performed alongside the throwing of roasted soybeans to drive away evil spirits and invite good fortune.
- Sports days: As a school event, Mochimaki is often conducted between competitions to encourage the healthy growth and development of the children.
The Origins and History of Mochimaki
The origins of Mochimaki can be traced back to the Heian period (794-1185). During this time, the aristocracy had a custom of offering mochi to the gods during the New Year. This practice gradually spread to the common people, and mochi throwing began to be incorporated into various celebratory events.
During the Edo period (1603-1868), the practice of “stage Mochimaki” emerged in Kabuki theater performances, where actors would throw mochi to the audience. This is considered to be the prototype of the modern Mochimaki tradition.
Who Started Mochimaki?
While it is difficult to pinpoint the exact individual who started Mochimaki, it is believed that the famous Kabuki actor Ichikawa Danjūrō played a significant role in popularizing stage Mochimaki. By throwing mochi to the audience, Danjūrō helped increase the popularity of Kabuki and established Mochimaki as a festive tradition.
Conclusion
Mochimaki is a traditional Japanese custom that has been practiced during various celebratory events and festivals throughout history. The throwing of mochi is believed to share the blessings of the gods and invite good fortune to those who catch it. The use of red and white mochi symbolizes happiness and joy, making it an appropriate choice for festive occasions. With origins dating back to the Heian period and influenced by Kabuki theater in the Edo period, Mochimaki remains an essential part of Japanese culture and tradition.
